Audio MIDI - MIDI elements and their use in a MIDI sequencer
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It becomes shows how one can handle with MIDI data in a MIDI sequencer.
Aim is to get to know the elementary possibilities.
If the following abilities make music with MIDI coached very well:
Hearing property with regard to pitch and divergences, e.g., about 1 half a tone.
Hearing property with regard to nuances in the tempo.
Hearing property in the combination of instruments and the sound variations originating from it.
Education of the music taste also after contents of the music and not only after layout of the music.
Attention: a trained ear listens of course also exactly, if, e.g., a mass production to itself very well
sellable cheap music it is heard whose sound (music layout) is so big only because of that, around the skew
situation to cover up of the tones of song or instruments, because the normal listener because of his unskilled ear and
Of music taste buys more or less every scrap metal, the more recently the consumer is and his existence, e.g., from that
Knowledge "There is something in the water" konsumtiv it is stamped by consumer, so that the endless loop of the trash
from "There is something in the water" as a hit is sellable. - Drug music against all realities in the everyday life.
MIDI offers a way to escape the complacency in which one learns independent creativity and
so body and soul strengthens. However, this way costs certified consuming of music to work, they
only when result produces. Besides, also there originates the ability, itself about music other areas of culture
to open successfully, so the majority of the artistic variety. A small-time existence of the mind
and mind as well as the susceptibility before university staggering for the purpose of the foreign-certain utilisation
are lost.
Conditions
Computer
MIDI itself also runs on calculators of the generation Pentium III with 200 MHz of CPU.
The sound card in the computer needs only additional resources of the CPU, if one with VSTi or big soundfonts
works which must provide on a real-time basis data.
News (state in 2011) sequencer often contains a comprehensive audio-integration, the of course considerable ones then
CPU achievement asks, e.g., Pattern processing
A computer which already ran under Windows 9x reaches for a sequencer software which is specified on MIDI,
from. Since audio-integration in MIDI has nothing to do with MIDI in itself.
Sound card
The used sound card must support MIDI possibly soundfont.
Not satisfactory is, e.g., the support soundfonts by Java.
Sound cards of the creative of rennet who provide a soundfont (SF2) are satisfactory and recommendable
MIDI instruments so offers that a postprocessing of the Sound-Wave-Table-Datei is not worthwhile.
e.g., creative of rennet Audigy self-service 0090 (Audigy I) including 5.1 analogously audio-outputs.
In to a predecessor's model AWE 64 was integrated of the soundfont even by RAM module, so that they
Sound card self-sufficiently could work. The RAM modules have not asserted themselves in the amateur area.
soundfonts as USB modules are also not available.
MIDI sequencer
Basically every midi sequencer can be used. Indeed, virtually all midi sequencer are far under him
Level of a sensible Least MIDI processing.
midi sequencer expel from house from only one limited extent of the MIDI event processing, e.g.
Cakewalk per audio: The extent is so limited, that Cakewalk audio Per without additional software completely
it is worthless. E.G., one is able to do with standard Cakewalk no essential MIDI processing like the extinguishing from
to double events carry out. This disadvantage one can handle only in whom the musician, the Cakewalk uses to
Programmer becomes and learns the complicated script language by Cakewalk to write a Script to himself then, with
to him the MIDI events become processable. - The profession of Cakewalk founds itself also on
Of musician. Because Cakewalk is pointless without CAL-scripte, google one when required to Scripten (if they generally still
are available, because the last copyright year of Cakewalk audio Per was in 1999).
The used midi sequencer must show among other things the following abilities which are explained partly further below in detail.
The MIDI issue port of the sound card must be usable as a MIDI Synth port of the sound card.
Not satisfactory is, e.g., the synthfont soundfont interface or MIDI interface of Microsoft
(The Linux interface is more complicated considerably (deterrent), if Linux not him
synthport of the sound card directly supported).
The MIDI port of the sound card activates directly the soundfont wavetable of the sound card, so that only this
Hardware the audiosignal under use of the Wave scraps from the soundfont on a real-time basis
generates: Then the signal can become from Record software directly sampeled (e.g., Wave),
and by MIDI-Synth-Mixer-Regler which is (also indicated in the recording software,
Signal strength is adjustable to avoid distortion.
Abolition of treatment steps (undo) also after storage of the MIDI file.
There are programmes which extinguish with memories of the file the undo cache, what a huge discomfort
explains: The memories of MIDI data in versions (by changed file name) have nothing with
To act undo ache. The Undo-Cache may not be extinguished with memories of the data.
Settlement of MIDI file around double tones and events, in the same position to the common instrument
appear (optionally all these tones in an area around the in each case common position).
f.e.:
C3 1:00:00
C3 1:00:03
C3 1:00:00
The sequential order of the tones is analysed and used.
if position area 0, so is generated
C3 1:00:00
C3 1:00:03
if position area 2, so is generated
C3 1:00:00
Of course the removing of double tones and event must function trace-covering.
Graphic and numerical insertion of tempos (with zoom of the resolution).
The tempo of the reproduction is an elementary sign of artistic interpretation. The minimum tempo is
with MIDI very small, because MIDI works on a real-time basis. Various MIDI editors offer a musical note representation,
e.g. 1/64 musical notes in. With MIDI shorter musical note resolutions are regulated considerably, in the tempo window
of sequencer is used (and just not the musical note representation). The resolution values are so small, that one
Drawing of the tempo by line or curve becomes necessary (tempo curve), around bigger areas freehand with
To book tempo data. A midi sequencer which is not able to do this is completely worthless. See also:
Shift from musical notes and events around tact unities.
Shift from musical notes and events around tact unities or around kink to the left or on the right.
slide as a planing about the time strip is necessary, around e.g. tracks or sound areas in the common one
To let start time. Moreover, is valid: MIDI works with hardware on a real-time basis, so quite precisely
and about all musical notes and their lengths which do not vary. However, a pianist never is able to do everybody
musical notes precisely in the length hold as it is given according to sheet of music: The tempo sways with it indirectly
also. A skilled musician or listener gets in the most true sense of the word headaches, if them
MIDI hardware-exact reproduction hears: The absence of the pianist's inaccuracy interferes tremendously. So that is valid:
This Tempo in MIDI is one of the most important signs of the sequencers beside slide. Freehand tempo is that
to come close einzigste variation, the pianist's inaccuracy. The variation of the quantize of musical note lengths
on a certain value area also helps, however, is calculated by machine and is able to do with it them
Pianist's inaccuracy again lift.
Subdivision of a MIDI track in single musical notes and single events and musical notes of the same kind receive a common track.
The ability of the sequencer is elementary, because MIDI data, e.g., from an input device like piano with MIDI port
compelling after canals must not be separated and be taped distributed. Moreover, the segmenting is in
Tracks for the analysis of music very importantly (methodical and didactic approach lets itself by
MIDI very well move).
The used midi sequencer must not be able basically to be able to process audio-files.
On the contrary: Audio-software, the Wave scraps, so to patter process, are (considerable in the MIDI area
neglects.
MIDI deals generally nothing with Wave scraps and patter.
Modern pop-soft music is produced massively with combination by patters, so that the buyers of the music
no skilled or high taste must have. Rather patters become as a taste pattern
over and over again used and so massively similarly sound music produced, they a regular utilisation
the buyer of the music admits. The music consumer becomes uniformed and with it permanently usable.
Strictly speaking this is a form of the infiltration and with it foreign regulation. The whole one is typical
Area of the commercial hit music and folk music.
The used midi sequencer must not be able basically to integrate Saint instruments (VSTi) or VST effects.
These effects can become effective ONLY during the reproduction of the MIDI and never are a part
of the MIDI data.
It is much more importantly, beside professional (because specified) midi sequencer a specified one
To use Wave-processing programme, that just by sampling thru MIDI Synth port sampelt and VST afterwards and
comfortably into the wave render is able (including storage of the Wave as mono files). This kind one
In the meantime, of Wave-processing programme there is also as a freeware.
Tips: MIDI track and sequence track number
In midi sequencer the track number MIDI from 1 can occur.
In the MIDI data is valid the trace number MIDI from 0.
Tracks of sequencer often begin from 1.
A MIDI track can be distributed to several tracks of sequencer (all tracks have identical track number).
Operating mistake in the use of the sequencer:
An operating mistake is unavoidable.
Should the data of the last correct step not exist then any more, the huge remachining is able
mean (including the artistic inspirations and intentions).
Versions of the MIDI data are to be stored regularly as files.
There is with certainty no perfect midi sequencer.
GUI mistakes or illogical or complicated GUI representation are the norm. e.g., the last
Position is not stored, so that because of the tininess of the Play and stop badges one
faulty click is optimally favoured, because this badge directly beside the badges of the positioning
on piece beginning or ends lie. This proves only one: The software manufacturer has with his software
never enough tested never mind productively worked. The manufacturer knows the needs of her
Practise insufficiently. However, one can afford this only without competition.
Expiry in active midi sequencer
0. Create to an empty MIDI file type 1
There are MIDI data for developing reasons in several types.
MIDI type 1, to the type developed last is used.
In the sequencer generate an empty file of the MIDI type 1.
overview00
overview00.mid (right click for download)
1. Views to a MIDI file
1.1. Track View
The trace view points available tracks of sequencer which can be filled with MIDI data.
Besides, MIDI data are also divideable in tracks: However, the track is called MIDI canal.
Unfortunately, the canal number MIDI is indicated in sequencer, perhaps, not from 0, but from 1.
MIDI uses inside, however, the canal number from 0.
sequencer-trace number and MIDU track are not to be mistaken:
sequencer can offer, e.g., 64 tracks or more.
MIDI knows only track from 1 to 16 and track 10 serves regularly only the percussion.
For it data of a MIDI track from several tracks of sequencer can be split (Split of the MIDI data), so that
the MIDI processing itself above all while merging simplifies.
The Split of the MIDI data is essential for MIDI processing, but regularly no component of the GUI
sequencers. Rather one is able sequencer, e.g., by Scriptsprache which knows sequencer around abilities
how split of the musical notes of a track extend.
Or around the ability of the distance double tones and events, in the same position to the common one
Instrument appear (optionally all these tones in an area around the in each case common position).
f.e.: C3 1:00:00
C3 1:00:03
C3 1:00:00
The sequential order of the tones is analysed and used.
if position area 0, so is generated
C3 1:00:00
C3 1:00:03
if position area 2, so is generated
C3 1:00:00
Of course the removing of double tones and event must function trace-covering.
overview01a
Track View
Trace data like MIDI canal, instrument, volume and pan lack.
1.2. Staff View
The musical note view depends on the abilities of sequencer.
Because MIDI works on a real-time basis and can generate timewise very small musical note lengths tonally, a musical note duration had
to do, e.g., 1/128 possibly be.
Most sequencer know 1/64th ideal if were 1/256 musical note lengths.
The tact default is taken from de MIDI file or has a default with empty MIDI file.
sequencer is regularly no extensive notation programme.
To the notation of MIDI data over midi capable device like piano, or over keyboard or mouse of the computer are recommended, e.g., Capella
or Sibelius - everything no Freewaren.
In the following it is used staff view only for it to see how MIDI data behave as musical notes.
overview01b
staff view
1.3. MIDI-oriented Views (event view und piano roll)
In event view the events, so all MIDI data, are lookable.
sequencer must be able to indicate events in kinds filtered and in combination of the kinds. This ability is for one
sequencer elementarily.
e.g., musical notes
Controller
piano roll is that view which is practically pointless: This representation serves only for it, the laziness of "musicians", this
Do not learn from musical note reading want to support. piano roll he is means for dilettantes.
There are still other important views, e.g., tempo.
overview02a
event kinds and their value areas, see absolutely also 6. Events MIDI insert
overview02b
views
overview02c
tempo view
2. musical note input and correction of wrong musical notes
The major key scale should be grasped by C5 to C6 8 tones in the octave 5 upward.
All tones should be equally long. There are no breaks between the musical notes.
The tact kind is 4/4 violin keys.
If one used minor scale, semitones would be to be used - on it is renounced here.
The musical note input with the mouse of the computer can enclose already faulty inputs. These must be corrected afterwards.
The correction can occur again in staff view. Because, however, handling with MIDI data is shown, data become in the MIDI-oriented
View corrects. This view can be only the event view.
overview03
result of the musical note input with the computer mouse
All superfluous musical notes with the mouse are musical noteed.
Then these musical notes are extinguished together.
overview04
result of the extinguishing of superfluous musical notes.
Though all musical notes are equally long, but there are breaks.
overview05
to remove around the breaks, become the start times of her
musical notes in the breaks, so after peep postponedly.
overview06
And the musical note for musical note.
overview07
The first 4 musical notes are already without break.
overview08
the shifting the start times of the musical notes one can also reach by planing (Slide) of the musical notes on the time strip.
Then banality is not assignable, perhaps, exactly.
The deferring area is to be musical noteed, e.g., single musical note or several musical notes or even one or several
tracks.
If the track is musical noteed, is valid the rule.
If the musical note occurs from the beginning of the track, nothing can be shifted from the track to the left.
If the musical note occurs till the end of the track, nothing can be shifted from the track to the right.
An area in which can be shifted must always exist.
Values <0 shift to the left.
Attention: What stands on the left already, makes no difference. It is always shifted and added with it on the left.
Should the beginning of the track be reached, nothing more can be shifted to the left.
Value> 0 shift to the right.
Attention: What stands on the right already, makes no difference. It is always shifted and added with it on the right.
Should the end of the track be reached, nothing more can be shifted to the right
Measures are tacts in the musical note format.
Ticks are musical note unities in the MIDI format.
overview09
It the musical note was shifted about 1 tact to the left. But the movement was given too inexactly, so that they
Border of the previous tact was not reached. Now one would be able to do "Quantize" as
other kind slide use, but this method is not necessarily also exact.
overview10
renewed movement around the remaining kink.
Number of the kink: see picture overview13.gif
overview11
The new start time after slide.
One could also have corrected the start time in the event list.
overview12
Presumably one is quicker if one corrects the start times of the musical notes in the event list by hand.
Now the desired musical notes exist.
overview13
kink of the MIDI norm.
Kink is time unities of events like musical notes. The sound kard uses this kink: Blows per second as
Subunits of the tact.
Example: 4/4 tacts has after
musical note norm 4 blows.
MIDI norm a desired number of MIDI beating (kink), e.g., 120 blows.
MIDI kink is, actually, a tempo. Hence, one finds kink default in the tempo view.
In view indicated 120 kink were used in the movement see overview10.gif.
Regularly the tempo is changed in MIDI files. Tempo means dynamism of the music. Hence, is the use
from kink default never uniformly.
overview14
Can be shifted not only musical notes, but also events without temporal duration (e.g., an instrument change).
Of active "events in tracks" shifts all events together (only in the musical noteed trace part).
overview15
view of the ready musical note input
3. Fix instrument, MIDI canal, volume and pan of the track
The MIDI canal is awardable per track only firmly.
In contrast to the MDID canal an instrument can change at every time within a track and uses several not at the same time
can become.
It is worth always the instrument given last.
volume is the standard volume of the track which can change at every time within a track.
It is worth always this last given volume.
pan is the standard-stereo-position of the track which can change at every time within a track.
It is worth always this last given pan.
overview16
MIDI port of the sound card which also uses topically loaded soundfont of the sound card.
overview17
fix canal of the track
Standard instrument him lay a track fix.
overview18
volume and pan of the track fix.
4. Fix tempo of the track
Though a track has a standard tempo in MIDI kink (see overview13.gif), but the tempo can be changed within the track.
It is worth always the tempo given last.
overview19
change of the tempo by tempo view
from 70 kink to 120 kink in automatically ascertained commensurate steps.
Change by drawing in tempo view is bound not to the musical note of an area, but is freehand.
The graphic tempo change is an elementary quality of sequencer.
5. Change from volume and duration of a musical note
overview20
change volume by event view
overview21
change of the duration by event view
overview22
overview23
change volumes in an area from musical notes.
The insertion of event (see event kinds overview02a.gif and 6. Events MIDI insert) in an area is able also
without previous marking of the area occur.
One gives the start value and final value to be inserted volume.
Because volume always part musical notes is, it is changed musical note.
If the start value and final value are identical, everybody receives musical notes identical volume.
One must give the temporal area. One should not go out from it,
the fact that an already marked area of the track is automatically taken over.
The MIDI canal is to be given: One can change only the events 1 canal.
One should not go out from the fact which the MIDI canal already pretended
Track is taken over, because several are at the same time mark cash tracks.
There is one more variation of the change of events: see interpolation.
overview24
like overview23.gif, however, with different start and end volume.
It is automatically gradated and the steps are commensurate.
If is begin> end it is gradated after quiet.
If is begin <end it is gradated after nothing but.
Is begin == end nothing is gradated.
overview25
ready change volume
overview25.mid (right click for download)
6. Events MIDI insert as a controller
MIDI can take up data of instruments. Because instruments are based on elements of the setting of the tones or timbre, has to go MIDI
these instruments data-sided "copy".
Besides, one has agreed on a MIDI standard (GM-MIDI, General-MIDI).
Basically is valid:
Every instrument manufacturer can and must not support MIDI.
Should MIDI be supported, the instrument must be able to convert tax elements into data. To the data becomes
the tax element (controller) added: From the point of view of MIDI are the controller's numbers.
Because instrument manufacturer value on separates quality lay, devices Capable of MIDI are not only more expensive, but also are not compelling
GM MIDI able.
A sound card in the computer, the MIDI supported, Must not be also GM MIDI able completely. And everybody
Instruments-tax elements are not returnable only surely by sound card.
One must agree on a common controller's amount.
sequencer supports all controllers, because sequencer is adaptable to the MIDI hardware.
Example of instruments with the control elements which are not illustrateable by MIDI:
The organ and her registers and her instruments are basically specific for organ.
Hence, an arrangement on a comprehensive organ standard is not possible.
Sound production by controllers under use of a standard instrument pool
By General-MIDI one has agreed on an amount in instruments, they issue devices MIDI like a sound card in the computer
know and must be able.
It manages on handling with the GM standard by sequencer.
With it the controllers common for all instruments are also easy to grasp.
There is for issue devices MIDI the possibility to generate timbres of the instruments.
by pure MIDI-FX-Soundchip-Modus
soundfont
VSTi Instrument
VSTi instruments are like soundfonts an aggregation of tones of an instrument, on a real-time basis the instrument infers
allow to sound. MIDI musical notes can head soundfont and VSTi. But, otherwise, soundfont and VSTi have nothing with MIDI
to act.
Because VSTi instruments enclose not only a lot of data amounts and are not quite inexpensive, but soundfont often of the sound card
is enclosed, VSTi instruments are not considered in the following.
sequencer must use the MIDI port of the sound card which is connected with soundfont to the sound card.
6.1. MIDI events as a controller (except pitch wheel)
The insertion of events (see event kinds overview02a.gif) can also go about several tracks.
Events are also generated by implement guidance elements (controller), e.g., foot pedal of a piano.
These controllers are valid only to the accompanying MIDI track.
A sound card supports only important controllers.
The controllers who does not know the sound card are not used by the sound card: One hears only, whether a sound card him
Controller can process.
From the MIDI files which controllers contain,
specifically to the instrument manufacturer it are
the sound card does not know,
should the pointless controllers be removed.
The following events are for sound cards which are in a usual computer, importantly:
volume MIDI controller's number 7 volume (0 silently to 127 at most according to)
Volume musical note, actually, part musical note
Example: Piano has a key as a control element whose poster strength causes the volume. Hence, is
volume a controller.
It is worth always this last sedate volume.
volume of the track is lifted, as soon as a volume controller appears in the track.
see a 9th poster strength musical note change (bicycle city)
see the 11th expression musical notes change
pan MIDI controller's number 10 stereoposition (0 completely on the left, 64 exactly middles, 127 completely on the right)
Example: A piano has from the point of view of the pianist the basses on the left from the pianist, so pan left. Hence, is pan
a controller.
It is worth always this last sedate pan.
pan of the track is lifted, as soon as a Pan controller appears in the track.
Expression MIDI controller's number 11 expression strength (0 no strengthening volume, 127 maximum strengthening volume)
Example: musical notes in a track have uniform volume, because to itself the pianist in the MIDI device no trouble
has given. The afterwards mixing of the volume without change volume is by expression
possibly.
volume is part musical note.
Very expressive one is volume which is not a part musical note.
By means of expression strength can be changed volume musical note, in addition.
Expression is regardless of the poster strength and volume:
It is adapted topical volume.
Expression works relatively to topical volume.
It is worth always the expression sedate last.
There is not expression for a track.
Tip: volume of the track is lifted, as soon as a volume controller appears in the track.
It is worth always this last sedate volume.
see a 9th poster strength musical note change (bicycle city)
see the 11th expression musical notes change
Sustain MIDI controller's number 64
Sound or damping
Example: klavier a foot pedal has for Sustain.
It is worth always the Sustain sedate last.
overview26
controller's kinds
overview27
event view only the controller 7 in the MIDI file overview25.mid
Event view was filtered: Everything what is not a controller was faded out.
The filters of events in event view are an elementary quality of sequencer.
overview28
event view filter for the purpose of the pretending Select of certain controller, e.g., controller 7.
overview29
by event view filter marked controllers 7 (selected controllers in a before marked track)
overview30
selected controllers extinguish
overview31
MIDI data have no controllers
6.2. MIDI events as a controller pitch wheel
overview31.mid (right click for download)
The control element of the gliding pitch is found with an electric organ or in a guitar (lever).
This control instrument can be adjustable in sequencer separately, however, is like a normal controller.
overview23
Pitch Wheel as an extra controller
7. Change duration of musical note
The change duration of musical note occurs, e.g., in event view, because the duration is a part musical note.
Because the change duration of musical note often takes place, a setting from by mark offers sequencer, perhaps, more grouped musical notes.
overview32
Everybody marked musical notes is put in the duration on 300% of the topical duration respective musical note.
It is worth:
If the value is 100% then nothing is changed.
If the value> is 100% then the duration is extended.
If the value <is 100% then the duration is shortened.
Changing the start time all musical note should be better carried out with slide.
Audio Stretch is only necessary, if sequencer in of sequencerpur, e.g., one
Wave file has loaded whose duration is also to be adapted.
Because Wave nothing deals with MIDI, this case is not considered.
overview33
new duration all musical notes.
overview34
new duration all musical notes.
in the marked track should be selected everybody musical notes with a duration by 24 tacts.
The events which do not correspond to the default are demarcated.
overview35
There is only 1 musical note.
overview36
This musical note receives new duration of musical note from 13% old duration of musical note.
duration of musical note is shortened.
overview37
sees like one, percent information is not exact enough.
Interpolation (generally events manipulate)
Finding and replacement of events is called in some sequencer interpolation.
overview38
interpolation - step of finding by selecting
In the marked track everybody should be selected musical notes with a duration by maximum 4 tacts.
The events which do not correspond to the default are demarcated.
They select musical notes are to be changed in her duration.
overview39
give interpolation - step of rated values
Everybody is put selected musical notes on the common duration of 1 tact.
overview40
changed musical notes
overview40.mid (right click for download)
8. octave of musical note change
The change vlaue of musical note occurs, e.g., in event view, because the value is a part musical note.
Because the change vlaue of musical note often takes place, a setting from by mark offers sequencer, perhaps, more grouped
musical notes in.
overview41
Everybody marked musical notes becomes higher sedate ever about 12 semitones, so about 1 octave.
overview42
set octave carried out
9. velocity of musical note change
The change velocity occurs, e.g., in event view, because the velocity is a part musical note.
Because the change velocity often takes place, a setting from by mark offers sequencer, perhaps, more grouped
musical notes in.
velocity is connected, e.g., with the piano regularly with the change of the volume.
Because there is, however, already volume as volumen and also still expression to volumen, the only following combination makes sense:
volume will award only to the whole track. volume is not used otherwise.
Everybody musical note receives theirs velocity and with it a volume.
volume within the track can be changed, in addition, by expression, so that velocity remains unchanged.
Expression is regardless of velocity and volume:
It is adapted topical velocity (or topical volume).
Expression works relatively to velocity or volume.
So that is valid:
Maximum velocity all musical notes in the track should be volume of the track.
overview43
marked musical note should be put in velocity on 100.
volume is used according to trace default.
There is not expression.
overview44
new velocity
overview45
marked musical note should be put in velocity on 200%.
volume is used according to trace default.
There is not expression.
overview46
new velocity.
About the value 127 is not automatically raiseable.
overview47
marked musical note should be gradated in velocity.
1. musical note receives velocity 20
last musical note receives the last cumulative step value, maximum 127.
All the others musical notes are put automatically gradated in the same step step width.
overview48
overview48.mid (right click for download)
new velocity.
Last musical note does not have 127, because the automatic staggering proved this so.
The step step width depends on the number musical notes and step width 1 is not fallible short
(so 127 musical notes with step width 1 gradateable. If more musical notes, then several automatically receive each other
following musical notes a common step 1).
10. Events copy
Events can be copied within one lay a track and between tracks.
Doublings are possible.
Whole tracks can be copied.
overview49
from all marked tracks and of those
Events
Tempo Information
Key information
in order to copy pretend.
overview50
fix the start position from which data to be copied are to be filed.
overview51
from the available copiable data only
Events
Tempo Information
Key information
use:
Data get
Data from position insert and already available data are preserved
(Attention: doubling possibly).
overview52
new MDID data
overview52.mid (right click for download)
overview53
Change to the canal number by event view, then store file
overview53.mid (right click for download)
overview54
open stored file: The canal number is not changeable by event view.
overview55
copy track 1
overview56
after track 2, however, in other start position
overview57
track 2 full
overview58
event view from track 1 and 2
Both tracks have common MIDI canal.
overview59
Change to the canal number view is possible by track.
pan of every track adapt (0 for whole on the left, 127 for whole on the right)
overview59.mid (right click for download)
overview60
event view from track 1 and 2
Everybody tracks has her own MIDI canal. With it becomes pan effective.
overview61
velocity in track 2 change.
Everybody marked musical notes receives common velocity 127 (maximum values).
overview62
changed musical notes.
11. expression (controllers 11) musical notes change
volume is part musical note.
expression is volume which is not a part musical note.
By means of expression can be changed volume musical note, in addition without changing the value from volume.
expression is regardless of velocity and volume:
It is adapted topical volume.
expression works relatively to volume.
Example: musical notes in a track have uniform volume because the pianist in the MIDI device has taken to himself no trouble.
The afterwards Abmischung of the volume without change musical notes is possible by expression.
Because there is, however, already volume as volumen and also still expression to volumen, the only following combination makes sense:
volume will award only to the whole track. volume is not used otherwise.
Everybody musical note receives theirs velocity and with it a volume.
So that is valid: Maximum velocity all musical notes in the track should be volume of the track.
overview63
track 2: To all marked musical notes the controller insert graded.
1. musical note receives expression 127, so velocity musical note is not changed.
Last musical note receives expression minimally 20, so velocity considerably more slightly.
All the other values expression are inserted automatically graded in the same step width.
It is automatically gradated and the steps are commensurate.
If is begin> end it is gradated after quiet.
If is begin <end it is gradated after nothing but.
Is begin == end nothing is gradated.
One should not go out from the fact which is taken over the MIDI canal of an already marked track,
since several are at the same time mark cash tracks.
overview64
inserted expressions
The gradation occurs around step width 1. The sound card degrades during duration of musical notes them
Volume.
This behaviour knows a piano only as ending the tone.
With expression one can extend ending or accelerate, if the sound length
it is long enough.
Every gradation needs with it 1 kink.
overview64.mid (right click for download)
overview65
expression event marking in the track view
12. kind of mucial note change
kind of musical note is musical notesname like D# 6 or Db6.
D capital letter
# D raise by half a tone
b D degrade around half a tone
6 octavos 6
"Enharmonische Verwechselung":
The scale of an octave encloses 12 semitones.
The octave illustrates the piano action stature-octave.
It is technical, however, in such a way that semitones do not generate precisely clean tones.
With piano the tones are tuned rather together (tempered).
This is the job of the piano tuner.
E.G., has J. See Bach works for the "well tempered piano" written.
The sound card in the computer is a technical device and cannot generate theoretically precisely tones, so also tones, well tempered
are. This is the reason, why one while making music about a sound card the hearing of tones and divergences train very well
is able.
Unfortunately, this perfection of the sound card becomes the disaster, because there are only 12 tones per octave. Around tones tempered nevertheless
to receive, one is of use soundfont for the sound card which reads in tempered sound scraps from soundfont and thus on a real-time basis
tempered instrument generates.
However, fact is: The sound card Soundblaster Audigy I of creative of rennet cannot generate tempered tones for all instruments.
E.G., the "Temperierung" of the instrument bass is not easy apparently. With string players is valid basically: The copy
from string players by sound scrap is possible because of technical restriction of the sound card not in good quality.
ALL VSTi instruments which string players illustrate have this disadvantage.
Reason is: The sound card does not have enough resources to return the timbre by overtones on a real-time basis.
Also the resolution of the tones, so the duration of the sound scraps is not enough enough.
Sound card manufacturers place as a rule no value of excellent MIDI in combination with soundfont.
Soundblaster Audigy I is able to do with 15 MIDI tracks from string players and per track several voices in parallel (parallel musical notes)
sound, are brought quickly to the edge of the sound quality. For professional play have to go
Hardware modules MIDI are used, not only improves soundfonts have.
Who wants to work with VSTi in connection with MIDI, needs a higher valued computer, the VSTi data massively in him
Main storage can load and then process.
By the way: MIDI itself also runs on calculators of the generation Pentium III with 200 MHz of CPU.
The sound card needs only additional resources of the CPU if one works with VSTi or big soundfont,
the data on a real-time basis must provide.
Because of tempered 12 semitones have different musical kinds identical effect which the piano tuner puts.
C# identically with Db
D# identically with Eb
F# identically with Gb
G# identically with From
A# identically with Cb
The identities are valid ONLY because of the set tempered musical notes.
overview66
variation 1: It is interpolated.
In the marked track everybody pretends musical notes Db6 for changing.
overview67
for changing pretended musical notes to D6 convert AND duration of musical note at the same time
place on 1 tact
overview68
result of the interpolation
overview69
variation 2: Ser octave is used instead of the interpolation
In the marked track everybody pretends musical notes Db6 by selection.
overview70
pretended musical notes
overview71
lower about 1 semitone.
overview72
changed musical notes
However, the sound duration cannot be corrected thus.
The correction of the sound duration comes from variation 1.
overview72.mid (right click for download)
13. tracks copy (event of several tracks copy) and track shift (slide)
tracks are copied with her events or are shifted.
There is no difference for copying and shifting of events.
overview73
track 1 and 2 should be copied (double)
Events
Tempo Information
Key information
overview74
aim track, but him in is copied, put.
Importantly: The cursor of the reproduction in sequencer must stand on trace beginning, inserted with it from there
it is (doubled).
Then insertion.
overview75
copied tracks.
The track number is taken over. With it it is doubled.
If the track numbers are changed, however, originate to new tracks.
overview76
to ways change of the track numbers there originate the independent tracks which have up to now as a pair of identical contents.
Every track gets his instrument. The tracks are not identical with it more than pair.
pan adapt.
overview76.mid (right click for download)
overview77
contents of MIDI track 3 shift about 120 kink to the right.
overview77.mid (right click for download)
Track 3 shifted.
overview78
contents of MIDI track 4 shift about 120 kink to the left.
Because to the left is shifted, must be to the left of place in which is shifted. With it the track is allowed
from the trace beginning are not marked, because otherwise nobody more freely burst available: sequencer does not recognise
absolutely that before the 1st event in the track free place is.
overview79
postponed contents
overview79.mid (right click for download)
########################### END ############################################################
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